EARTH SCIENCE, Studying Our Home Planet at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of technology, NASA, Richard Branson makes historic spaceflight, ABC News, CNET Highlights, and NBC News

EARTH SCIENCE, Studying Our Home Planet at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of technology, NASA, Richard Branson makes historic spaceflight, ABC News, CNET Highlights, and NBC News

EARTH SCIENCE: Studying Our Home Planet at JPL, California Institute of technology

EARTH: Assembly of Satellite to Track World’s Water Shifts From US to France

TECHNOLOGY: Deep Space Atomic Clock Moves Toward Increased Spacecraft Autonomy

How NASA’s Deep Space Atomic Clock Could Be the Next Space GPS, Jun 10, 2019  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

EARTH: Major Ocean-Observing Satellite Starts Providing Science Data

SOLAR SYSTEM: NASA Balloon Detects California Earthquake – Next Stop, Venus?

EARTH: Machine Learning Model Doubles Accuracy of Global Landslide ‘Nowcasts’

CLIMATE CHANGE: Local Lockdowns Brought Fast Global Ozone Reductions, NASA Finds

NASA Finds Local Lockdowns Brought Global Ozone Reductions, Jun 9, 2021 NASA Goddard

CLIMATE CHANGE: NASA Map Gives Most Accurate Space-Based View of LA’s Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide Over the L.A. Metropolitan Area, Jun 4, 2021  JPLraw

EARTH: Satellites Show How Earth’s Water Cycle Is Ramping Up as Climate Warms

ROBOTICS: Robotic Navigation Tech Will Explore the Deep Ocean

JPL Robotics: Explore a gallery of cutting-edge robot prototypes being developed for future planetary exploration – VIEW GALLERY

EARTH.  Caldera Collapse Increases the Size and Duration of Volcanic Eruptions

Caldera Collapse Increases Size of Volcanic Eruptions, May 10, 2021  JPLraw

VIDEO. Water-Monitoring Satellite Moves Closer to Launch

Water-Monitoring Satellite Moves Closer to Launch

Jun 30, 2021  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Clean Room Sneak Peek: International SWOT Satellite (Live Q&A), May 20, 2021  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Study Identifies Methane ‘Super-Emitters’ in Largest US Oilfield, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Richard Branson makes historic spaceflight, Jul 11, 2021  ABC News

Watch Richard Branson’s message from space and full post-spaceflight conference, Jul 12, 2021  CNET Highlights

Richard Branson Holds News Conference After Historic Virgin Galactic Space Flight, 7.11.2021 NBC News

 

EARTH SCIENCE

Studying Our Home Planet at JPL

EARTH.

Assembly of Satellite to Track World’s Water Shifts From US to France

TECHNOLOGY.

Deep Space Atomic Clock Moves Toward Increased Spacecraft Autonomy

How NASA’s Deep Space Atomic Clock Could Be the Next Space GPS

Jun 10, 2019  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

NASA has perfected new navigation technology that would make self-driving spacecraft and GPS beyond the Moon a reality. The Deep Space Atomic Clock is the first atomic clock small and stable enough to fly on a spacecraft beyond Earth’s orbit. As NASA works to put humans on Mars and the Moon, the clock’s precise timekeeping will be key to these missions’ success. For more about the Deep Space Atomic Clock: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/td…

EARTH.

Major Ocean-Observing Satellite Starts Providing Science Data

SOLAR SYSTEM.

NASA Balloon Detects California Earthquake – Next Stop, Venus?

EARTH.

Machine Learning Model Doubles Accuracy of Global Landslide ‘Nowcasts’

CLIMATE CHANGE.

Local Lockdowns Brought Fast Global Ozone Reductions, NASA Finds

NASA Finds Local Lockdowns Brought Global Ozone Reductions

Jun 9, 2021 NASA Goddard

As the coronavirus pandemic slowed global commerce to a crawl in early 2020, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) – which create ozone, a danger to human health and to climate – decreased 15% globally with local reductions as high as 50%, according to a study led by scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. As a result of the lower NOx emissions, by June 2020 global ozone levels had dropped to a level that policymakers thought it would take at least 15 years to reach by conventional means, such as regulations. Music credit: Universal Production Music: Waiting For Results – Adam John Salkeld [PRS], Neil Pollard [PRS] Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Scientific Visualization Studio Katie Jepson (KBRwyle): Lead Producer Carol Rasmussen (NASA/JPL CalTech): Lead Writer Trent L. Schindler (USRA): Lead Visualizer Kazuyuki Miyazaki (JPL): Scientist Kevin W Bowman (JPL): Scientist Kathryn Mersmann (KBRwyle): Associate Producer Katie Jepson (KBRwyle): Editor This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13871. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery is provided by pond5.com and is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. Specific details on stock footage may be found here https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13871. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guide… If you liked this video, subscribe to the NASA Goddard YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/NASAGoddard Follow NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center · Instagram http://www.instagram.com/nasagoddard · Twitter http://twitter.com/NASAGoddard · Twitter http://twitter.com/NASAGoddardPix · Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/NASAGoddard · Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc

CLIMATE CHANGE.

NASA Map Gives Most Accurate Space-Based View of LA’s Carbon Dioxide

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-map-gives-most-accurate-space-based-view-of-las-carbon-dioxide

Carbon Dioxide Over the L.A. Metropolitan Area

Jun 4, 2021  JPLraw

This animation shows the accumulation of five adjoining swaths of data over the Los Angeles metropolitan area that, when combined, create a map of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations that covers about 50 square miles (80 square kilometers). Researchers have used the data, collected by NASA’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3 (OCO-3) instrument aboard the space station, to create one of the most accurate maps ever made from space of the human influence on CO2 abundances in the L.A. Basin. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

EARTH.

Satellites Show How Earth’s Water Cycle Is Ramping Up as Climate Warms

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/satellites-show-how-earths-water-cycle-is-ramping-up-as-climate-warms

 

ROBOTICS.

Robotic Navigation Tech Will Explore the Deep Ocean

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/robotic-navigation-tech-will-explore-the-deep-ocean

 

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/robotics-at-jpl

Robotics

ROBOT.

BRUIE

An under-surface rover designed to explore alien oceans.

Dec 22, 2020

ROBOT.

DuAxel

A versatile rover for accessing high-risk terrain.

Dec 16, 2020

ROBOT.

NeBula-SPOT

Explores complex environments without human guidance.

Dec 8, 2020

ROBOT.

Rollocopter

An innovative robot that can either roll or fly.

Nov 1, 2020

ROBOT.

A-PUFFER

A foldable robot that can access tight spaces.

Sep 30, 2020

ROBOT.

RoMan

A powerful robot designed to work in real-world environments.

Sep 1, 2020

ROBOT.

NeBula-Husky

A platform for testing autonomous exploration capabilities in underground environments.

Feb 27, 2020

ROBOT.

LLAMA

A fast-moving legged robot that can traverse challenging environments.

Aug 23, 2018

ROBOT.

RoboSimian

This is RoboSimian, an ape-like robot that traverses complex terrain and performs dexterous tasks..

Sep 27, 2015

ROBOT.

Freeclimber: LEMUR 3

A robot designed to crawl, walk, or climb in extreme terrains.

Dec 2, 2011

EARTH.

Caldera Collapse Increases the Size and Duration of Volcanic Eruptions

 https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/caldera-collapse-increases-the-size-and-duration-of-volcanic-eruptions

 

Caldera Collapse Increases Size of Volcanic Eruptions

Unlisted

May 10, 2021  JPLraw

In 2018, Hawaii’s Kilauea volcano experienced its largest eruption in over 200 years. JPL scientists used data from the rare event to better understand what causes large-scale eruptions like this. The culprit? The collapse of a volcano’s caldera – the large, crater-like depression at the volcano’s summit. Kilauea is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Because of this and its relative ease of accessibility, it is also among the most heavily outfitted with monitoring equipment – instruments that measure and record everything from earthquakes and ground movement to lava volume and advancement. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

 

EXPLORE MORE

VIDEO.

Water-Monitoring Satellite Moves Closer to Launch

Water-Monitoring Satellite Moves Closer to Launch

Jun 30, 2021  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

The Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission (SWOT) will help scientists monitor Earth’s ocean, as well as the amount of freshwater in its lakes and rivers when it launches in late 2022. After engineers put together the spacecraft’s payload of scientific instruments at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, the satellite now moves to Cannes, France, to complete integration before it will be launched in late 2022. Project manager Parag Vaze explains. SWOT is a collaboration between NASA and the French space agency Centre National d’Etudes Spatial (CNES), with contributions from the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA). To learn more about the mission, visit: https://swot.jpl.nasa.gov/ Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Clean Room Sneak Peek: International SWOT Satellite (Live Q&A)

May 20, 2021  NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Check out the new spacecraft we’re building. Targeting a late-2022 launch date, this SUV-size satellite will measure the height of Earth’s water. SWOT will help researchers understand and track the volume and location of water – a finite resource – around the world, making NASA’s first truly global survey of the planet’s surface water. SWOT is being jointly developed by NASA and CNES, with contributions from the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA). https://swot.jpl.nasa.gov/ Speakers: Parag Vaze, SWOT project manager, JPL Dr. Karen St. Germain, Earth science division director, NASA Marina Jurica, host Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Study Identifies Methane ‘Super-Emitters’ in Largest US Oilfield

Jun 02, 2021

Gas flaring during oil and gas production is a known source of methane emissions.

Pasadena, CA 91109

Credit: Leslie Von Pless

Fixing just the worst leaks in the Permian Basin oilfield’s infrastructure could cut methane emissions by 55 tons an hour, according to a study by NASA, University of Arizona, and ASU.

About half of the biggest sources of the potent greenhouse gas methane in the Permian Basin oilfield are likely to be malfunctioning oilfield equipment, according to a month-long airborne study by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the University of Arizona, and Arizona State University.

Repeatedly measuring the size and persistence of emission sources using sensor-equipped aircraft, researchers found that repairing only the 123 sources that they found leaking most persistently on their flights would reduce methane emissions by 55 tons (50 metric tons) an hour. That’s equivalent to 5.5% of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s estimates of all methane emissions from oil and gas production in the entire United States.

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The research team measured methane concentrations around “super-emitter” methane sources – those emitting more than 22 pounds (10 kilograms) of methane per hour – in the oilfield, which is located in Texas and New Mexico. They calculated the emission rates by combining observed methane concentrations with reported wind speeds. Using airborne imaging spectrometers that identify methane and other gases by their effects on reflected sunlight, the campaign located a total of 1,756 super-emitters in a 22,000-square-mile (57,000-square-kilometer) section of the immense oilfield. As they resurveyed the area throughout the month, the team recorded emissions each time a plume was visible, whether once or a dozen times.

“Multiple revisits of these sites are the best way to discriminate between unplanned and planned emissions,” said Daniel Cusworth, a JPL scientist and lead author of an analysis published today in the journal Environmental Science and Technology. Cusworth explained that while some regular operations in an oilfield, such as venting pressure-relief valves, release methane, plumes from these planned operations would probably be visible on only one or two consecutive flights. If an emission plume persists, by far the most likely cause is malfunctioning or broken oil and gas equipment. There’s no other industry in the region that could produce such large plumes, and there are more than 60,000 oil and gas wells as well as compressors, pipelines, and other types of equipment – all of which can potentially leak.

For their analysis, Cusworth and colleagues focused on 1,100 sources seen emitting methane plumes on at least three flights. Just 123 of these were classified as most persistent, with plumes visible on 50 to 100% of revisits. These few sources emitted about 29% of all the methane detected from the entire group. The 258 plumes in the next most persistent class produced an additional 23% of detected emissions; the researchers think these sources are leaks or a mixture of leaks and planned operations. They classified the remaining two-thirds of the sources as least persistent and most likely to be the result of planned operations. This last and largest class produced 48% of emissions.

Once methane sources have been located and verified on the ground by facility operators, there’s a good chance that leaks can be repaired, said Riley Duren of the University of Arizona, who designed and led the flight campaign. “We’ve done cooperative studies with oil and gas operators in California and the Permian where they independently report that 50% of the sources we’re finding are fixable.”

The campaign also recorded surprisingly large variations in the extent of emissions. In one part of the basin, emissions almost doubled over a five-day period and then dropped back almost to the original value over another 10 days. These large, unpredictable variations prove that a single snapshot of methane emissions from any location is inadequate for decision-makers to monitor and regulate emission sources, Duren said. “You need measurements daily or weekly,” he added. “That’s a big argument for using airborne and satellite remote sensing.”

The imaging spectrometers used in the study, NASA’s Next-Generation Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer and ASU’s Global Airborne Observatory, are able to pinpoint methane sources to within about 15 to 30 feet (5 to 10 meters) while flying at the altitude of a commercial airliner. When methane emission plumes were detected, researchers used a high-resolution camera to relate the plumes to individual pieces of equipment on the ground.

Data from this study can be viewed and downloaded at the team’s data portal.

Monitor the Planet’s Vital Signs With Eyes on Earth

News Media Contact

Jane J. Lee / Ian J. O’Neill

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

818-354-0307 / 818-354-2649

jane.j.lee@jpl.nasa.gov / ian.j.oneill@jpl.nasa.gov

Written by Carol Rasmussen

2021-112

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Biden honors victims of Tulsa race massacre on 100th anniversary, PBS News, NBC News, CBS News, VOX, Tulsa Public Schools, HISTORY News and AP News

Biden honors victims of Tulsa race massacre on 100th anniversary, PBS News, NBC News, CBS News, VOX, Tulsa Public Schools, HISTORY News and AP News

PBS News: Biden honors victims of Tulsa race massacre on 100th anniversary, 6.01,2021 

PBS NewsHour full episode, May 31 & June 1, 2021

PBS News: How art is retelling powerful stories of Tulsa massacre, capturing community’s hopes, May 28, 2021 

Washington Week PBS: America Faces Its History of Race Violence, May 28, 2021

NBC Nightly News Broadcast (Full) – May 31st, 2021

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CBS News: “Tulsa 1921: An American Tragedy”

VOX: The massacre of Tulsa’s “Black Wall Street”

Tulsa Public Schools: The Tulsa Race Massacre; Then and now

HISTORY News: ‘Black Wall Street’ Before, During and After the Tulsa Race Massacre – PHOTOS

AP News: Hundreds gather at historic Tulsa church’s prayer wall

 

WATCH LIVE: Biden honors victims of Tulsa race massacre on 100th anniversary

Streamed live 5 hours ago, 6.01,2021  PBS NewsHour

Stream your PBS favorites with the PBS app: https://to.pbs.org/2Jb8twG Find more from PBS NewsHour at https://www.pbs.org/newshour Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/2HfsCD6 Follow us: Facebook: http://www.pbs.org/newshour Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/newshour Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/newshour

PBS NewsHour full episode, June 1, 2021

Fundraiser

Jun 1, 2021  PBS NewsHour

Support your local PBS station here: https://pbs.org/donate Tuesday on the NewsHour, the anniversary of the Tulsa massacre renews calls to address the massive and widening racial wealth gap in the U.S. Then, Latin America sees huge spikes in COVID cases across the region after an explosion of cases in Brazil. And, questions arise about applications and tuition for community colleges amid a precipitous drop in enrollment, especially among students of color. WATCH TODAY’S SEGMENTS News Wrap: JBS meat plants downed globally after cyberattack https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXB-7… Biden makes history with Tulsa visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAP0k… What would reparations for Black Americans look like? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xv2im… COVID is driving political, economic crises in Latin America https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cv4t0… How community colleges are retooling to raise enrollment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uujC1… The ‘enormous’ pressures of professional sports https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DiBS… Adichie on being unprepared for the ‘pain of absence’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kPkC… Cleveland barbershop offers haircut, and a COVID-19 vaccine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4BZY… Stream your PBS favorites with the PBS app: https://to.pbs.org/2Jb8twG Find more from PBS NewsHour at https://www.pbs.org/newshour Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/2HfsCD6

PBS NewsHour live episode, May 31, 2021

May 31, 2021  PBS NewsHour

Monday on the NewsHour, honoring those who gave all for our country, while celebrating the chance to gather once again for Memorial Day. Then, looking at the painful past and how the racial terror of the Tulsa massacre still resonates 100 years later. And, a new museum strives to remember — but not glorify —the toll of war. WATCH TODAY’S SEGMENTS As COVID restrictions ease, here’s how the country marked Memorial Day https://youtu.be/NcLPVfETSaQ News Wrap: Miami Manhunt for 3 banquet hall shooters continues https://youtu.be/Tw1rsNVXrCI How a racist white mob ruined ‘Black Wall Street’ 100 years ago https://youtu.be/3kmRc1OX284 Tulsa’s Black community still waiting for ‘atonement, repair and respect’ https://youtu.be/lCq0iZJKW9w Why this Indianapolis school district will keep remote learning on the table this fall https://youtu.be/kKbtibd0Mh8 Amy Walter and Errin Haines on Texas voting law, filibuster rules, Biden agenda https://youtu.be/AEgjJ-EndZw  The dangers of reporting from Russia during the Cold War https://youtu.be/F-s50VxLa4I Massachusetts museum tells the hulking history of wars https://youtu.be/N5hJympHVfU Stream your PBS favorites with the PBS app: https://to.pbs.org/2Jb8twG Find more from PBS NewsHour at https://www.pbs.org/newshour Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/2HfsCD6 Follow us:

How art is retelling powerful stories of Tulsa massacre, capturing community’s hopes

May 28, 2021  PBS NewsHour

100 years ago Monday, a white mob descended on a Black neighborhood of Tulsa, Oklahoma, killing people and burning homes and businesses. The Tulsa massacre, as it came to be known, is being remembered in many ways — one of them, an art and history project known as the Greenwood Art Project. Jeffrey Brown has our report for our arts and culture series, CANVAS. Stream your PBS favorites with the PBS app: https://to.pbs.org/2Jb8twG Find more from PBS NewsHour at https://www.pbs.org/newshour Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/2HfsCD6

 

America Faces Its History of Race Violence | Washington Week | May 28, 2021

May 28, 2021  Washington Week PBS

Next week marks the 100-year anniversary of the Tulsa Race Massacre that ravaged a community known as “Black Wall Street.” The panel also discussed the 1917 East St. Louis Massacre, the gaps in our education, & what the major political and culture changes seen in the country over the past year. Panel: Trymaine Lee of MSNBC, Wesley Lowery of 60 Minutes+, Ayesha Rascoe of NPR, Sara Sidner of CNN Watch the latest full show and Extra here: https://pbs.org/washingtonweek Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/2ZEPJNs Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/washingtonweek Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/washingtonweek

NBC Nightly News Broadcast (Full) – May 31st, 2021

May 31, 2021  NBC News

New TSA record set as millions travel over holiday weekend, controversial Texas voting law temporarily derailed, and new video released in Miami mass shooting. Watch “NBC Nightly News With Lester Holt” at 6:30 p.m. ET / 5:30 p.m. CT (or check your local listings). 00:00 Intro 01:42 Holiday Travel 04:36 Texas Voting Battle 06:24 Miami Mass Shooting Manhunt 08:25 Tulsa Confront Trauma Of Massacre 10:55 Dangerous Drought 13:39 Theaters Reopen 15:05 Wedding Prices Surge 16:49 Memorial Day: Honoring Those Who Served » Subscribe to NBC News: http://nbcnews.to/SubscribeToNBC » Watch more NBC video: http://bit.ly/MoreNBCNews

Meet The Press Broadcast (Full) – May 30th, 2021

May 30, 2021  NBC News

Former Rep. Barbara Comstock and Rep. Jason Crow (D-Colo.) discuss the failure to form a bipartisan Jan. 6 commission. Matthew Pottinger and Dr. Peter Hotez explain why the Covid-19 lab leak theory is gaining legitimacy from the Biden administration. Geoff Bennett, Stephanie Cutter, Sara Fagen and Ayesha Rascoe join the Meet the Press roundtable.» Subscribe to NBC News: http://nbcnews.to/SubscribeToNBC » Watch more NBC video: http://bit.ly/MoreNBCNews NBC News Digital is a collection of innovative and powerful news brands that deliver compelling, diverse and engaging news stories. NBC News Digital features NBCNews.com, MSNBC.com, TODAY.com, Nightly News, Meet the Press, Dateline, and the existing apps and digital extensions of these respective properties. We deliver the best in breaking news, live video coverage, original journalism and segments from your favorite NBC News Shows.

“Tulsa 1921: An American Tragedy”

Jun 2, 2021

CBS News

It’s been 100 years since the Tulsa Race Massacre, a two-day attack on Black Americans in the thriving business district of Greenwood. Hear from survivors, descendants of victims and thought leaders in the CBS News special, “Tulsa 1921: An American Tragedy,” anchored by “CBS This Morning” co-host Gayle King.

1 month ago

Rosewood 1923 an American tragedy, Clinton massacre 1875 an American tragedy, Ocoee massacre 1920 an American tragedy, Atlanta 1906 an American tragedy Chicago 1919 an American tragedy, New Orleans 1866 an American tragedy…. There many, many more American tragedies!

VOX: The massacre of Tulsa’s “Black Wall Street”

Feb 27, 2019

White mobs destroyed “Black Wall Street” in 1921. But where are the victims’ bodies? Help our reporting on hidden histories. Submit a story idea here: http://bit.ly/2RhjxMy 100 years ago, a white mob destroyed an American neighborhood called “Black Wall Street,” murdering an estimated 300 people in Tulsa, Oklahoma. That incident — known as the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre — has been largely left out of US history books. Today, a century later, the city still has a lot of questions. For one, where are the bodies of the victims? As the city’s mayor re-opens the search for mass graves, we take a look at what happened back in 1921…and why finding these graves still matters to the people of Tulsa. For more reading, check out the links below: Vox’s reporting on an eyewitness account of the horrific attack: https://www.vox.com/2016/6/1/11827994… The Washington Post’s in-depth story on the massacre and the current challenges of gentrification: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/l… And to take a look through more digitized photos, audio, and documents from 1921, check out the Tulsa Historical Society’s collection: https://www.tulsahistory.org/exhibit/… Sign up for the Missing Chapter newsletter to stay up to date with the series: https://vox.com/missing-chapter Have an idea for a story that Ranjani should investigate for Missing Chapter? Send it to her via this form! http://bit.ly/2RhjxMy? Vox.com is a news website that helps you cut through the noise and understand what’s really driving the events in the headlines. Check out http://www.vox.com. Watch our full video catalog: http://goo.gl/IZONyE Follow Vox on Facebook: http://goo.gl/U2g06o Or Twitter: http://goo.gl/XFrZ5H

The Tulsa Race Massacre; Then and now

Jun 1, 2018

Tulsa Public Schools

UPDATED April 2021: For a new video series, lesson plans, and more resources about the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre, continue the journey here: www.tulsaschools.org/tulsaracemassacre

 

Oklahoma Historical Society/Getty Images

HISTORY News: ‘Black Wall Street’ Before, During and After the Tulsa Race Massacre – PHOTOS

BY  MISSY SULLIVAN

At the turn of the 20th century, African Americans founded and developed the Greenwood district in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Built on what had formerly been Indian Territory, the community grew and flourished as a Black economic and cultural mecca—until May 31, 1921.

That’s when a white mob began a rampage through some 35 square blocks, decimating the community known proudly as “Black Wall Street.” Armed rioters, many deputized by local police, looted and burned down businesses, homes, schools, churches, a hospital, hotel, public library, newspaper offices and more. While the official death toll of the Tulsa race massacre was 36, historians estimate it may have been as high as 300. As many as 10,000 people were left homeless.

The incident stands as one most horrific acts of racial violence, and domestic terrorism, ever committed on American soil.

WATCH: The full episode of Tulsa Burning: The 1921 Race Massacre online now.

In May 2021, 100 years after the massacre, 107-year-old Viola Fletcher testified before Congress: “On May 31, of ‘21, I went to bed in my family’s home in Greenwood,” she recounted. “The neighborhood I fell asleep in that night was rich, not just in terms of wealth, but in culture…and heritage. My family had a beautiful home. We had great neighbors. I had friends to play with. I felt safe. I had everything a child could need. I had a bright future.”

Then, she said, came the murderous rampage, still vivid in her mind 100 years later: “I still see Black men being shot, Black bodies lying in the street. I still smell smoke and see fire. I still see Black businesses being burned. I still hear airplanes flying overhead. I hear the screams.”

Below, a selection of photos that show Greenwood before, during and after the tragedy:

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Families of Anita Williams Christopher and David Owen Williams

North Greenwood Avenue in Tulsa (above), prior to the 1921 Tulsa race massacre, was a main thoroughfare of the Greenwood commercial district. This photograph was taken looking north down the avenue from East Archer Street. Between segregation laws that prevented Black residents from shopping in white neighborhoods, and the desire to keep money circulating in their own community, Greenwood residents collectively funneled their cash into local Black businesses. Greenwood became a robust and self-sustaining community, which boasted barber shops and salons, clothing stores, jewelers, restaurants, taverns and pool halls, movie houses and grocers, as well as offices for doctors, dentists and lawyers.

READ MORE: 9 Entrepreneurs Who Helped Build ‘Black Wall Street’

Greenwood: Tulsa’s Black Wall Street

GALLERY

At the time of the massacre, Greenwood was considered by many to be the wealthiest Black enclave in the nation. As the seven photos above show, it wasn’t uncommon to see its residents stylishly dressed. Some boasted new luxury motorcars.

READ MORE: Tulsa’s ‘Black Wall Street’ Flourished as a Self-Contained Hub in the Early 1900s

The incident began on the morning of May 30, 1921, after a young Black man named Dick Rowland, who worked shining shoes, rode the elevator of Tulsa’s Drexel building to use one of the few available segregated public restrooms downtown. After the female elevator operator screamed, Rowland fled the elevator and rumors quickly spread of an alleged sexual assault. The next day, he was arrested, leading to an armed confrontation outside the courthouse between a growing white crowd and Black men hoping to defend Rowland from being lynched. As things became heated and shots were fired, the vastly outnumbered African Americans retreated to the Greenwood district. The white group followed, and as the night unfolded, violence exploded.

Oklahoma Historical Society/Getty Images

Throughout that night and into June 1, much of Greenwood became enveloped in billowing dark smoke, as members of the mob went from house to house and store to store, looting and then torching buildings. Fleeing residents were sometimes shot down in the streets. Many survivors report low-flying planes, some raining down bullets or inflammables.

READ MORE: What Role Did Airplanes Play in the Tulsa Race Massacre?

GHI/Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

Among the many buildings looted and torched by the white mob was the Mount Zion Baptist Church, above, an impressive brick structure that had opened its doors less than two months earlier. It was one of numerous houses of worship destroyed in the massacre.

Bettmann Archive/Getty Images

The east corner of Greenwood Avenue and East Archer Street, the epicenter of “Black Wall Street,” is shown above, in the early aftermath of the attack. Among the thoroughfare’s landmarks left in smoldering ruins were the Stradford Hotel and the Dreamland Theater.

Universal HIstory Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

By noon of June 1, Oklahoma Governor Robertson declared martial law and sent in the Oklahoma National Guard. Officials arrested and detained thousands of Black Tulsans, shepherding them to the local convention center and fairgrounds. Above, the rear view of a truck transporting Black people to detainment.

Oklahoma Historical Society/Getty Images

National Guard troops carrying rifles with bayonets escort unarmed Black men to detainment, above.

Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

Above, a truck is shown carrying soldiers and Black men during the Tulsa race massacre. Officials rounded up Greenwood’s Black residents, deeming them to be the primary threat to law and order—instead of any members of the white mob who had murdered and pillaged. Indeed, for decades after, the incident was erroneously characterized as a “race riot,” implying that it had been instigated by the Black community. No one was ever held to account for the destruction or loss of life.

LISTEN: ‘Blindspot: Tulsa Burning’ from The HISTORY® Channel and WNYC Studios

Library of Congress, American National Red Cross Photograph Collection

After being rounded up under martial law, traumatized Greenwood residents were kept under armed guard—some for hours, some for days. To be released, Black Tulsans had to be vouched for by an employer or white citizen.

Library of Congress, American National Red Cross Photograph Collection

At Tulsa’s American Red Cross hospital, victims of the massacre are shown still recovering from injuries months later. More than 800 people were treated for injuries.

Oklahoma Historical Society/Getty Images

According to the 2001 Tulsa Race Riot Commission report, the most comprehensive review of the massacre, in the year after the attacks, Tulsa residents filed riot-related claims against the city valued at over $1.8 million dollars. But the city commission, like insurance companies, denied most of the claims—one exception being when a white business owner received compensation for guns taken from his shop. Above, Black Tulsans salvaged what they could from their burned homes and businesses and began to rebuild on their own.

GHI/Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

November 1921: With millions in property damage and no help from the city, the rebuilding of Greenwood nonetheless began almost immediately. 

GHI/Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

Many Black Tulsa residents fled the city, and never returned. But many stayed and started from scratch—some housed in Red Cross tents until they could rebuild their homes and, later, community landmarks like the Dreamland Theater. In 2001, the Tulsa Race Riot Commission report recommended that survivors be paid reparations, calling it “a moral obligation.” The pursuit of restitution continues.

TAGS: BLACK HISTORY

BY  MISSY SULLIVAN

For more information, please visit the following link:

https://www.history.com/news/tulsa-massacre-black-wall-street-before-and-after-photos

 

HISTORY News: ‘Black Wall Street’ Before, During and After the Tulsa Race Massacre – PHOTOS

 

AP News: Hundreds gather at historic Tulsa church’s prayer wall

https://apnews.com/article/tulsa-race-massacre-centennial-bbfa1f6ad42b104d258c13999a2d7aa4

By PETER SMITH May 31, 2021

 

1 of 21

People pray during the dedication of a prayer wall at the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

 

2Rev. Jesse Jackson meets people after the dedication of a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal

Church in the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla.

The church was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing,

looting and leveling a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

3 of 21

People hold their hands on a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Greenwood neighborhood

during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church was largely destroyed when a white

mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling a 35-square-block area.

(AP Photo/John Locher)

 

4 of 21

People raise up their arms during the dedication of a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in

the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church

was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling

a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

5 of 21

People pray as they hold their hands on a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Greenwood

neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church was largely destroyed

when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling a 35-square-block area.

(AP Photo/John Locher)

 

6 of 21

Clergy and religious leaders hold their hands on a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in

the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church

was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling

a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

7 of 21

People pray at the dedication of a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Greenwood

neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church was largely

destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling

a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

8 of 21

Edna Osborne, center holds her head down in prayer during the dedication of a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African

Methodist Episcopal Church in the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31,

2021, in Tulsa, Okla. The church was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921,

burning, killing, looting and leveling a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

9 of 21

Faith Hailey, left, and Brian Hailey touch hold their hands on a prayer wall outside of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal

Church in the Greenwood neighborhood during the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla.

The church was largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing,

looting and leveling a 35-square-block area. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

10 of 21

In this May 28, 2021, photo, Rev. Robert R.A. Turner, pastor of the historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church, prays in

the sanctuary of the church between meetings around centennial commemorations of the Tulsa Race Massacre in Tulsa, Okla.

Only the basement remained of the church, partially destroyed in the massacre in 1921 that destroyed the area known as Black Wall Street.

(AP Photo/John Locher)

 

11 of 21

People attend a joint service for the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre at First Baptist Church of North Tulsa, Sunday, May 30, 2021,

in Tulsa, Okla. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

12 of 21

A woman views a mural at 322 North Greenwood during the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre centennial Monday, May 31, 2021 in Tulsa, Okla.

Hundreds have gathered for an interfaith service dedicating a prayer wall outside historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in

Tulsa’s Greenwood neighborhood. Monday’s event comes on the centennial of the first day of one of the deadliest racist massacres in

the nation. (Mike Simons/Tulsa World via AP)

 

13 of 21

Meg Chang views the installation called “Society’s Cage” after the dedication of the Prayer Wall for Racial Healing at Vernon AME Church

Monday, May 31, 2021 in Tulsa, Okla. Hundreds have gathered for an interfaith service dedicating a prayer wall outside historic Vernon

African Methodist Episcopal Church in Tulsa’s Greenwood neighborhood. Monday’s event comes on the centennial of the first day of one

of the deadliest racist massacres in the nation. (Mike Simons/Tulsa World via AP)

 

14 of 21

Ana Nunez, right, and Connor Coney embrace as they visit a makeshift memorial beside stairs leading to a now empty lot near the historic

Greenwood district during centennial commemorations of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla.

(AP Photo/John Locher)

 

15 of 21

Raekeisha Watkins visits flowers left as a memorial for the Tulsa Race Massacre near the historic greenwood district during

centennial commemorations of the massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

16 of 21

Ana Nunez, right, and Connor Coney embrace as they visit a makeshift memorial beside stairs leading to a now empty lot near

the historic Greenwood district during centennial commemorations of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa,

Okla. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

17 of 21

Ana Nunez, left, and Connor Coney embrace as they visit flowers left at a memorial for the Tulsa Race Massacre near the historic

greenwood district during centennial commemorations of the massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla. (AP Photo/John Locher)

 

18 of 21

People hold hands after leaving flowers besides others at a makeshift memorial beside stairs leading to a now empty lot near

the historic greenwood district during centennial commemorations of the Tulsa Race Massacre, Monday, May 31, 2021, in Tulsa, Okla.

(AP Photo/John Locher)

 

19 of 21

A sign is pictured Oaklawn Cemetery in Tulsa, Okla., nearly 100 years after the Tulsa race massacre. Fencing has been erected

and markers placed in the ground in preparation for the start of mapping, site preparation and excavations of Tulsa race massacre

victims in mass graves beginning June 1, 2021. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)

 

20 of 21

The headstones of Reuben Everett, left, and Eddie Lockard, right, victims of the Tulsa race massacre, are pictured with flowers

Monday, May 31, 2021, at Oaklawn Cemetery in Tulsa, Okla., nearly 100 years after the massacre. Fencing has been erected

and markers placed in the ground in preparation for the start of mapping, site preparation and excavations of Tulsa race massacre

victims in mass graves beginning June 1, 2021. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)

 

21 of 21

The headstones of Reuben Everett, left, and Eddie Lockard, right, victims of the Tulsa race massacre, are pictured with flowers Monday,

May 31, 2021, at Oaklawn Cemetery in Tulsa, Okla., nearly 100 years after the massacre. Fencing has been erected and markers placed

in the ground in preparation for the start of mapping, site preparation and excavations of Tulsa race massacre victims in mass graves

beginning June 1, 2021. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)

TULSA, Okla. (AP) — Hundreds gathered Monday for an interfaith service dedicating a prayer wall outside historic Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in Tulsa’s Greenwood neighborhood on the centennial of the first day of one of the deadliest racist massacres in the nation.

National civil rights leaders, including the Revs. Jesse Jackson and William Barber, joined multiple local faith leaders offering prayers and remarks outside the church that was under construction and largely destroyed when a white mob descended on the prosperous Black neighborhood in 1921, burning, killing, looting and leveling a 35-square-block area. Estimates of the death toll range from dozens to 300.

Barber, a civil and economic rights activist, said he was “humbled even to stand on this holy ground.”

“You can kill the people but you cannot kill the voice of the blood.”

Although the church was nearly destroyed in the massacre, parishioners continued to meet in the basement, and it was rebuilt several years later, becoming a symbol of the resilience of Tulsa’s Black community. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.

As the ceremony came to an end, participants put their hands on the prayer wall along the side of the sanctuary while soloist Santita Jackson sang “Lift Every Voice and Sing.” Traffic hummed on a nearby interstate that cuts through the Greenwood District, which was rebuilt after the massacre but slowly deteriorated 50 years later after homes were taken by eminent domain as part of urban renewal in the 1970s.

Full Coverage: Tulsa Race Massacre

Among those who spoke at the outdoor ceremony were Democratic U.S. Reps. Barbara Lee of California, and Lisa Brunt Rochester and U.S. Sen. Chris Coons, both from Delaware. Rochester connected the efforts toward reparations in Tulsa with a wider effort: pending House legislation that would create a commission to study and propose reparations for African Americans.

“We’re here to remember, to mourn, to rebuild equitably,” Rochester said.

Through the course of a drizzly afternoon, visitors wearing rain gear walked along Greenwood Avenue, photographing historic sites and markers.

Many took time to read plaques on the sidewalk, naming numerous Black-owned buildings and businesses that were destroyed during the 1921 massacre, and indicating whether they had ever been rebuilt.

Monday’s slate of activities commemorating the massacre was supposed to culminate with a “Remember & Rise” headline event at nearby ONEOK Field, featuring Grammy-award-winning singer and songwriter John Legend and a keynote address from voting rights activist Stacey Abrams. But that event was scrapped late last week after an agreement couldn’t be reached over monetary payments to three survivors of the deadly attack, a situation that highlighted broader debates over reparations for racial injustice.

In a statement tweeted Sunday, Legend didn’t specifically address the cancellation of the event, but said: “The road to restorative justice is crooked and rough — and there is space for reasonable people to disagree about the best way to heal the collective trauma of white supremacy. But one thing that is not up for debate — one fact we must hold with conviction — is that the path to reconciliation runs through truth and accountability.”

On Monday night, the Centennial Commission planned to host a candlelight vigil downtown to honor the victims of the massacre, and President Joe Biden is scheduled to visit Tulsa on Tuesday.

___

For more AP coverage of the Tulsa Race Massacre anniversary, go to https://apnews.com/hub/tulsa-race-massacre

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Happy 4th Of July Everyone, Happy Juneteenth, Happy World, and Keep Peace in Your Heart

 

 🙂 Happy 4th Of July Everyone 🙂

🙂 Happy Juneteenth 🙂

🙂 Happy World 🙂

and

🙂 Keep Peace in Your Heart 🙂

 

Performance on the All Black Lives Matter Mural,

Halsey Street, Newark, New Jersey, USA, Sunday, July 5, 2020

  Photographs by Ing-On Vibulbhan-Watts  

 

 

 

Happy 4th Of July everyone

Happy Independence’s Day everyone

Happy Equality for All

Happy Juneteenth everyone

 

Be joyful to be an Immigrant on this special day

For we are all immigrants

We all come from somewhere else

Even native Americans

 

Who lived in America before humans?

Animals and plants coexist

 

Humans moved to America

Wars have taken place in America

Humans kill for power not just survival

 

But Peace prevails

Humans can and do coexist

People even mix for Peace and Love

 

We are all the same Human race

Togetherness, Kindness

And helping one another

Keeps us Alive

Why be greedy or selfish?

For we are born with nothing

And die with nothing

 

Keeping Peace in your Heart

Frees humanity to explore possibilities

With Happiness and Equality for all

 

Keep Peace in your Heart Always

 

Ing-On Vibulbhan-Watts, Sunday, July 4, 2021

 

 On Sunday, April 4th, 2021 I sat under our rose tree in the garden with my work book and sketched some drawings.  The end result was a peace sign that I will use as one of my logos. It is a good opportunity, and the first time for me to launch my peace artwork on the 4th Of July.  By focusing on peace for the US and the world, came the message of, “KEEP PEACE IN YOUR HEART”, “LOVE” and “NATURE”. This concluded my wishes for myself and everyone on our planet.  

Ing-On Vibulbhan-Watts, Sunday, July 4, 2021

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